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To minimize the extent and the trauma of cardiac surgery as much as possible now a doctor use robotic heart surgery as the latest advance in trying to move open heart surgical procedures to the category of minimally invasive surgery performed by passing an endoscope (a small tube containing an advanced optical system) through a tiny incision. Surgical instruments are then passed either through the endoscope tube itself, or through an additional tiny incision. The surgeon manipulates the surgical instruments to complete the operation while visualizing the surgical area through the endoscope.

To route blood flow around clogged arteries supplying the heart a doctor will perform heart bypass surgery. When one or more of the coronary arteries becomes partially or totally blocked, the heart does not get enough blood. Heart bypass surgery creates a detour or "bypass" around the blocked part of a coronary artery to restore the blood supply to the heart muscle. Your doctor may recommend coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) if other treatments, such as lifestyle changes or medicines, haven’t worked. He or she also may recommend CABG if you have severe blockages in the large coronary arteries that supply a major part of the heart muscle with blood—especially if your heart’s pumping action has already been weakened.

Coronary bypass surgery can now be performed with the aid of a robot. This robot allows the surgeon to perform the operation without being in the same room as the patient. This type of procedure allows for even smaller, keyhole-sized incisions. A small video camera is inserted in one incision to show the heart, while the surgeon uses remotely controlled surgical instruments to perform the surgery. The heart-lung machine is sometimes used during this procedure. Advantages of minimally invasive CABG include smaller incisions, smaller scars, shorter recovery and hospital stay, less bleeding, less chance for infection, and less pain.